4. CLINICAL PARTICULARS
4.1 Therapeutic indications
GIOTRIF as monotherapy is indicated for the treatment of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) TKI naïve adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with activating EGFR mutation(s) (see section 5.1).
4.2 Posology and method of administration
EGFR mutation status should be established prior to initiation of GIOTRIF therapy (see section 4.4).
4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use
Assessment of EGFR mutation status
When assessing the EGFR mutation status of a patient, it is important that a well-validated and robust methodology is chosen to avoid false negative or false positive determinations.
5. PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties
Pharmacodynamic effects
Mutation in EGFR defines a distinct molecular subtype of lung cancer.
NSCLC tumours with common activating EGFR mutations (Del 19, L858R) and several less common EGFR mutations in exon 18 (G719X) and exon 21 (L861Q) are particularly sensitive to afatinib treatment in non-clinical and clinical settings. Limited non-clinical and/or clinical activity was observed in NSCLC tumours with insertion mutations in exon 20.
The T790M mutation is found in approximately 50% of patients' tumours upon disease progression on afatinib, for which T790M targeted EGFR TKIs may be considered as a next line treatment option.
Clinical efficacy and safety
GIOTRIF in patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations
1) LUX-Lung 3
In the first-line setting, the efficacy and safety of GIOTRIF in patients with EGFR mutation-positive locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC (stage IIIB or IV) were assessed in a global, randomised, multicenter, open-label trial. Patients were screened for the presence of 29 different EGFR mutations using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method (TheraScreen® : EGFR29 Mutation Kit, Qiagen Manchester Ltd). Patients were randomised (2:1) to receive GIOTRIF 40 mg once daily or up to 6 cycles of pemetrexed/cisplatin. Among the patients randomised, 65% were female, the median age was 61 years, the baseline ECOG performance status was 0 (39%) or 1 (61%), 26% were Caucasian and 72% were Asian. 89% of patients had common EGFR mutations (Del 19 or L858R).
2) LUX-Lung 6
The efficacy and safety of GIOTRIF in Asian patients with Stage IIIB/IV EGFR mutation-positive locally advanced or metastatic adenocarcinoma of the lung was evaluated in a randomised, multicentre, open-label trial. Similar to LUX-Lung 3, patients with previously untreated NSCLC were screened for EGFR mutations using TheraScreen®: EGFR29 Mutation Kit (Qiagen Manchester Ltd). Among randomized patients, 65% were female, the median age was 58 years and all patients were of Asian ethnicity. Patients with common EGFR mutations accounted for 89% of the study population.
Table 7 shows outcomes in the subgroups of patients with two common EGFR mutations – Del 19 and L858R.
Table 7: PFS and OS efficacy results of GIOTRIF vs pemetrexed/cisplatin (LUX-Lung 3) gemcitabine/cisplatin (LUX-Lung 6) in the pre-defined EGFR mutation subgroups Del 19 and L858R (Independent review)
|
LUX-Lung 3
|
LUX-Lung 6
|
Del19
|
GIOTRIF
(N=112)
|
Pemetrexed/
Cisplatin
(N=57)
|
GIOTRIF
(N=124)
|
Gemcitabine/
Cisplatin
(N=62)
|
Progression-free survival
Months (median)
|
13.8
|
5.6
|
13.1
|
5.6
|
Hazard Ratio (HR)
(95%CI)
|
0.26
(0.17-0.42)
|
0.20
(0.13-0.33)
|
p-value1
|
<0.0001
|
<0.0001
|
Overall Survival (OS)
Months (median)
|
33.3
|
21.1
|
31.4
|
18.4
|
Hazard Ratio (HR)
(95%CI)
|
0.54
(0.36-0.79)
|
0.64
(0.44-0.94)
|
p-value1
|
0.0015
|
0.0229
|
L858R
|
GIOTRIF
(N=91)
|
Pemetrexed/
Cisplatin
(N=47)
|
GIOTRIF
(N=92)
|
Gemcitabine/
Cisplatin
(N=46)
|
Progression-free survival
Months (median)
|
10.8
|
8.1
|
9.6
|
5.6
|
Hazard Ratio (HR)
(95%CI)
|
0.75
(0.48-1.19)
|
0.31
(0.19-0.52)
|
p-value1
|
0.2191
|
<0.0001
|
Overall Survival (OS)
Months (median)
|
27.6
|
40.3
|
19.6
|
24.3
|
Hazard Ratio (HR)
(95%CI)
|
1.30
(0.80-2.11)
|
1.22
(0.81-1.83)
|
p-value1
|
0.2919
|
0.3432
|
1 p-value for PFS/OS based on stratified log-rank test
3) LUX-Lung 2
LUX-Lung 2 was a single arm Phase II trial in 129 EGFR TKI-naïve patients with stage IIIB or IV lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutations.
4) LUX-Lung 7
LUX-Lung 7 is a randomised, global, open label Phase IIb trial investigating the efficacy and safety of GIOTRIF in patients with locally advanced or metastatic lung adenocarcinoma (stage IIIB or IV) with EGFR mutations in the first-line setting. Patients were screened for the presence of activating EGFR mutations (Del19 and/or L858R) using the TheraScreen® EGFR RGQ PCR Kit, Qiagen Manchester Ltd. Patients (N=319) were randomised (1:1) to receive GIOTRIF® 40 mg orally once daily (N=160) or gefitinib 250 mg orally once daily (N=159). Randomisation was stratified according to EGFR mutation status (Del 19; L858R) and presence of brain metastases (yes; no).
Patients had a tumour sample with an EGFR mutation categorised as either exon 19 deletion (58%) or exon 21 L858R substitutions (42%).
Analysis of GIOTRIF’s efficacy in EGFR TKI naïve patients with tumours harbouring uncommon EGFR Mutations (LUX-Lung 2, -3, and -6)
In three clinical trials of GIOTRIF with prospective tumour genotyping (Phase 3 trials LUX-Lung 3 and -6, and single arm Phase 2 trial LUX-Lung 2), an analysis was conducted of data from a total of 75 TKI-naïve patients with advanced (stage IIIb–IV) lung adenocarcinomas harbouring uncommon EGFR mutations, which were defined as all mutations other than Del 19 and L858R mutations.
In patients with tumours harbouring either G719X (N=18), L861Q (N=16), or S768I substitution mutation (N=8), the confirmed ORR was 72.2%, 56.3%, 75.0%, respectively, and the median duration of response was 13.2 months, 12.9 months and 26.3 months, respectively.
In patients with tumours harbouring exon 20 insertions (N=23) the confirmed ORR was 8.7% and the median duration of response was 7.1 months. In patients with tumours harbouring de-novo T790M mutations (N=14) the confirmed ORR was 14.3% and the median duration of response was 8.3 months.
Efficacy in EGFR-negative tumours has not been established.
PACKAGE LEAFLET
1. What GIOTRIF is and what it is used for
This medicine is used on its own to treat adult patients with a specific type of cancer of the lung (non-small cell lung cancer):
• that is identified by a change (mutation) in the gene for EGFR. GIOTRIF can be prescribed to you as your first treatment or if prior chemotherapy treatment has been insufficient.
(2022.12.16 업데이트)